This strategic focus area aims to generate high-quality surveillance data and metrics at multiple levels to guide public health action and timely response to existing and emergent public health threats in Kenya and Africa. We integrate molecular, clinical, and population-level surveillance to track disease trends, detect emerging threats, and monitor progress toward health goals.  Leveraging our established platforms, including the genomics and biobanking facilities, clinical surveillance at the Kilifi County Referral and Teaching Hospital, the national Clinical Information Network (CIN), and the Kilifi Health and Demographic Surveillance System (KHDSS), the Programme conducts surveillance from the pathogen to the patient to the population.